131 Abstract composition. Fundamentals of theory and practical methods of creativity in abstract painting and sculpture by Dagldiyan K.T., Polivoda B.A. - Vlados, 2018

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   Правильные геометрические формы всегда симметричны относительно собственных центральных осей. Самая симметричная форма — круг (шар), так как имеет все возможные виды симметрии: вертикальную, горизонтальную, диагональную и радиальную. 

Комбинируя правильные геометрические формы, можно получать множество сложных геометрических форм: правильных и неправильных. 

Сложные правильные геометрические формы 

Неправильные геометрические формы всегда асимметричны, 


Неправильные геометрические формы 

Абстрактными считаются любые воображаемые формы, не относящиеся креалистическим, геометрическим или органическим (натуралистическим). 
Примеры абстрактных форм 

Каждая форма имеет три главных характеристики: вид, размер и цвет. 
Вид формы зависит от очертаний ее контура. 
Размер формы можно считать вторичным изобразительным средством, благодаря которому возникают величинные отношения между формами, а также — и между другими элементами композиции (линиями, цветовыми полями, между различными участками композиции. На практике для оценки размера форм на картинной плоскости используют пять условных определений: очень большой, большой, средний, малый, очень малый. 



III. Использование изобразительных (выразительных) средств и их свойств в абстрактной композиции 

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